When a crowd is sharing a common goal. When they listen to a national anthem or witness self-sacrifice. When they die for their ideas. When collective thought becomes more important than individual life. But humans also shiver from situations that are not social in nature.
Some shiver when they manage to find a solution to certain mathematical problems for example, and so shivering cannot be reduced to a social mechanism. W hy does a psychological event trigger a physiological response related to the regulation of temperature? At a fundamental level, cognition requires change.
If you stabilise a retina using adequate instruments, the organ ceases to transmit signals to the primary visual cortex, and one gradually becomes blind. From the standpoint of the sense organ, the same object never appears similar to itself twice. Two chairs are never exactly the same. In other words, one is constantly discovering a visual field. Everything you feel, you feel for the first time. Perception is really exploration and, if we can perceive anything at all, it is because we are constantly matching incoming sensory signals to available mental models.
You rarely fail to recognise objects in your surroundings. The world is always already meaningful, and it is sometimes beautiful. The process by which a mind adapts to its world is so effective that people constantly mistake one for the other. When a large part of thought matches a large part of world, one might consciously feel what we call aesthetic emotions.
Historically, aesthetics is the science of how perception meets cognition, the science of how you know what you see. The majority of aesthetic emotions are unconscious. They occur every time you see something. When you see something important enough, you might experience these emotions consciously. This happens through bodily changes such as tears, heartbeat increase, sweat — or shivers.
The strange thing with shivering is that humans seem to shiver both when they are perfectly capable of predicting the behaviour of external objects in real time, when it all fits together so well, and, surprisingly, when nothing at all can be predicted, when the situation goes out of control. I propose that psychogenic shivers correspond to an event where the measure of the total similarity between all sensory signals and available mental models reaches a local peak value.
This can be expressed mathematically in terms of the rate of change of a function of conditional similarity. In this context, any change in learning corresponds to an aesthetic emotion. When the function reaches a local maximum, its derivative tends toward zero, and learning slows down. A rigor is an episode of shaking or exaggerated shivering which can occur with a high fever. It is an extreme reflex response which occurs for a variety of reasons.
It should not be ignored, as it is often a marker for significant and sometimes serious infections most often bacterial.
It is important to recognise the patient's description of a rigor and to be aware of the possible significance of this important symptom. Shivering is a reflex which occurs when someone feels cold and, physiologically, it serves to raise body temperature [ 1 ].
The trigger point at which this reflex occurs is set in the anterior hypothalamus. This has been likened to an internal thermostat. During infection or inflammation, pyrogens cytokines and prostaglandins 'reset' the trigger temperature so that the body feels cold and shaking occurs to raise temperature to the new hypothalamic 'temperature point'.
The body's attempts to raise temperature are accompanied by other familiar reflex responses, including contraction of erector pilae muscles 'goose bumps' and peripheral vasoconstriction. Peripheral vasoconstriction causes cold extremities and pallor. Most of the work done on various pyrogens responsible for mediating this response has been done on animals. It is important in children to differentiate a rigor from a febrile convulsion.
In adults, care should be taken to differentiate from a fit or convulsion. There is a wide range of conditions that can be associated with rigors, such as:. Feeling anxious, stressed or sad? Your mental health is equally as important as your physical Read More.
The body aches, the stuffy nose and the sore throat…we all know how crummy it feels when coming down with an upper respiratory infection. Influenza, commonly referred to as t Read More.
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